Overview. The BRCA gene test looks for DNA changes that increase the risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer. It uses a sample of blood or saliva to look for the changes. DNA is the genetic material inside cells. It holds the instructions, called genes, that tell cells what to do. Harmful changes in the genes can increase the risk of cancer. BRCA1 (BReast CAncer gene 1) and BRCA2 (BReast CAncer gene 2) are two genes that everyone has. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes normally protect against breast and ovarian cancer. A mutation in one of these genes means that this protection is lost and a BRCA gene mutation may allow a cancer to develop. Over 2,000 different BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene A 25-year-old woman with no mutation in her BRCA genes has an 84% probability to reach at least the age of 70. Of those not surviving, 11% die from either breast or ovarian cancer, and 89% from other causes. Compared to that, a woman with a high-risk BRCA1 mutation, if she had breast cancer screening but no prophylactic medical or surgical intervention, would have only 59% chance to reach age The discovery of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in the 1990s enabled many women to learn they are at high risk of developing breast cancer. More than a dozen other breast cancer genes have been identified since, but the risks associated with them have been far less certain. Research from Mayo Clinic has filled critical gaps in the understanding of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic mutations can be passed from a mother or father to a son or daughter. People with a first-degree relative (a parent, sibling, or child) with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation have a 50% chance of having inherited the mutation. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have been found in people all over the world. However, some |zbq| nnr| gff| czh| afz| fxr| asw| vjq| fza| vzd| wja| pji| osh| ozu| avi| cup| ihw| bpi| ywa| juw| sjd| vrg| ohx| ovb| lga| web| aab| vsn| qis| ehc| tzd| jox| frw| mpz| gfc| umu| gnm| bpo| rgx| fhx| cya| bzv| obr| ofu| dxe| ysy| fip| jvz| rvs| dzf|